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    • 专利摘要:
    process for the preparation of molecular sieves, molecular sieves, catalyst, use of a catalyst, exhaust gas treatment system, and method for the selective reduction of nitrogen oxides. processes for the preparation of copper-containing molecular sieves with the structure of tea having a silica-alumina molar ratio of greater than about 10, wherein the copper exchange stage is conducted through wet exchange and ee are disclosed. prior to the coating stage, where in the copper exchange stage, a liquid copper solution is used, wherein the copper concentration is in the range of about 0.001 to about 0.25 molar, using copper acetate. and / or an ammoniacal solution of copper ions as the source of copper. The catalysts produced by the processes, catalyst systems and method of treating off-gas with molecular sieves and catalysts are also exposed.
    公开号:BR112012014731B1
    申请号:R112012014731-5
    申请日:2010-12-17
    公开日:2018-11-21
    发明作者:Tilman Beutel；Martin Dieterle；Ivor Bull；Ulrich Müller；Ahmad Moini；Michael Breen；Barbara Slawski；Saeed Alerasool
    申请人:Basf Corporation；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (54) Title: PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF MOLECULAR SIEVES (73) Holder: BASF CORPORATION. Address: 100 Park Avenue, Florham Park, New Jersey 07932, GERMANY (DE) (72) Inventor: TILMAN BEUTEL; MARTIN DIETERLE; IVOR BULL; ULRICH MÜLLER; AHMAD MOINI; MICHAEL BREEN; BARBARA SLAWSKI; SAEED ALERASOOL.
    Validity Term: 20 (twenty) years from 12/17/2010, subject to legal conditions
    Issued on: 11/21/2018
    Digitally signed by:
    Alexandre Gomes Ciancio
    Substitute Director of Patents, Computer Programs and Integrated Circuits Topographies / 32 “PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF MOLECULAR SCREENS” Fundamentals [1] The modalities of the invention refer to a process for the preparation of molecular sieves containing copper with the structure of CHA, having a molar ratio of silica to alumina greater than about 10. In specific embodiments, the copper exchange is conducted through a wet change and before coating.
    [2] Both natural and synthetic zeolites and their use in promoting certain reactions include selective reduction of nitrogen oxides with a reducing agent such as ammonia, urea or a hydrocarbon, in the presence of oxygen, are well known in the art . Zeolites are crystalline aluminosilicate materials having very uniform pore sizes which, depending on the type of zeolite and the type and quantity of cations included in the zeolite lattice, are in a range of about 3 to 10 Angstroms in diameter. Chabazite (CHA) is a small pore zeolite with 8-membered ring pore openings (~ 3.8 Angstroms), accessible through its three-dimensional porosity. A cage-like structure results from the connection of building units of six double rings by 4 rings.
    [3] X-ray diffraction studies at cation sites in Chabazite have identified seven cation sites being coordinated with frame oxygen, labeled A, B, C, D, F, H and I. They are located in the center of the double six-membered ring, or near the center of the six-membered ring in the Chabazite cage, and around the eight-membered ring of the Chabazite cage, respectively. Site C, located slightly above the six-membered ring in the Chabazite cage and sites F, H and I are located around the eight-membered ring in the Chabazite cage (see Mortier, WJ “Compilation of Extra Framework Sites in Zeolites ”, Butterwoth Scientific Limited, 1982, p11 and Pluth, JJ Smith, JV, Mortier, WJ, Mat. Res. Bull., 12 (1977) 1001).
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 11/44 / 32 [4] Catalysts employed in the SCR process, ideally, would be able to retain good catalytic activity over a wide range of temperature conditions of use, for example, from 200 ° C to 600 ° C or higher, under hydrothermal conditions. Hydrothermal conditions are often encountered in practice, such that during the regeneration of a soot filter, a component of the exhaust gas treatment system, used to remove particles.
    [5] Metal-promoted zeolite catalysts, which include, among others, copper-promoted and iron-promoted zeolite catalysts, for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides with ammonia are known. Beta-zeolite promoted with iron (US 4,961,917) has been an effective commercial catalyst for the selective reduction of nitrogen oxides with ammonia. Unfortunately, it has been found that, under severe hydrothermal conditions, for example, those that are exhibited during the regeneration of a soot filter with temperatures locally exceeding 700 ° C, the activity of many metal-promoted zeolites begins to decline. This decline is often attributed to the de-alumination of the zeolite and the consequent loss of active centers containing metal within the zeolite.
    [6] WO 2008/106519 discloses a catalyst, which comprises: a zeolite having the CHA crystal structure and a silica to alumina molar ratio of more than 15 and an atomic copper to aluminum ratio exceeding 0.25 . The catalyst is prepared by exchanging CHA copper form NH4 + , with copper sulfate or with copper acetate. The copper concentration of the aqueous copper sulfate ion exchange stage ranges from 0.025 to 1 molar, where multiple copper ion exchange stages are required to achieve the target copper charges. The copper concentration of the aqueous copper acetate ion exchange stage ranges from 0.3 to 0.4 molar, leading to a wet-stage exchange,
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 12/44 / 32 in this way, to a separate copper exchange stage, before the coating process. In conducting the copper exchange stage during coating, the copper concentration is 0.25 to 0.12 (Examples 16 and 17).
    [7] US 2008/0241060 and WO 2008/132452 state that the zeolite material can be loaded with iron and / or copper. In the examples of US 2008/02411060, copper ion exchange is not described. It is mentioned in WO 2008/132452 that multiple aqueous ion exchanges were performed on a target of 3% by weight of Cu. No details were given regarding the reaction conditions.
    [8] Dedecek et al. describes in Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 32 (1999) 63-74, a direct copper exchange to a form of Chabazite Na + -, Ca 2+ -, CS + -, Ba 2+ . An aqueous solution of copper acetate is used, with copper concentrations ranging from 0.20 to 7.6% by weight, thus between 0.001 and 0.1 molar. The liquid to solid ratio varies between 20 and 110. The silica to alumina ratio is between 5 and 8.
    [9] Although catalysts are typically produced in a similar way, the NOx conversion activity of the catalysts fluctuates strongly from one experiment to the next (see Table 1). The synthesis of the molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure is a remarkable complex reaction. In general, the preparation includes four main sub-stages: i) crystallization of the organic template containing Na / K- Chabazite, ii) calcination of Na / K- Chabazite, iii) exchange of NH4- to the form of Chabazite NH4 and iv) exchange of metal for Chabazite NH4- in order to form the Chabazite metal.
    [10] In addition, all these sub-stages, such that the metallic exchange to Chabazite NH4- to form the metallic Chabazite can be divided into additional sub-stages: a) forming a metallic Chabazite stage, b) separation stage, c) optionally a drying stage and d) a calcination stage. For example, sub-stage a), which
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 13/44 / 32 forms the zeolite containing metal, can be influenced: (1) by the starting material selected, (2) by the concentration of each starting material, (3) by the liquid: solid ratio of the starting material, [ 11] So far, the most important process characteristics, which cause fluctuations in NOx conversion activity, are not yet determined.
    [12] In general, the SCR catalyst based on the Chabazite molecular sieve, should exhibit a NOx conversion activity comparable to that of the state of the art catalysts obtained through multistage synthesis (exchange of copper to Chabazite NH4-). In general, the catalyst should exhibit both a NOx conversion activity at low temperature (conversion of NO x> 50% at 200 ° C), good NO x conversion activity at high temperature (NO x conversion> 70% at 450 ° C). NOx activity is measured under steady-state conditions, under conditions of maximum NH3 suspension, in a gas mixture of 500 ppm NO, 500 ppm NH3, 10% O2, 5% H2O, N2 equilibrium in a space speed based on a volume of 80,000 h -1. [13] There is a continuing desire to improve the process for preparing molecular sieves containing copper with the CHA structure.
    [14] One aspect of the invention relates to a process for the preparation of molecular sieves containing copper, with the CHA structure, having a molar ratio of silica to alumina of more than about 10. In a first embodiment, the Copper exchange is carried out with molecular sieves containing copper, with the CHA structure having a molar ratio of silica to alumina greater than about 10, is conducted through exchange in a wet state and before coating. In more specific modalities, copper exchange using a liquid copper solution is used, in which copper concentrations are in the range of about 0.001 to about 0.25
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 14/44 / 32 molar, using copper acetate and / or an ammonia solution of copper ions as the source of copper. In a second embodiment, the process of the first embodiment can be modified, so that the ratio of liquid to solid, which is defined here as the weight of the water used to prepare the Cu solution, in relation to the weight of the zeolite of starter used in the copper exchange stage, is in a range of about 2 to about 80. In a third mode, the first and second modes can be modified, so that the copper is switched to the Na form + or for the Chabazite NH4 form. In a fourth embodiment, the process from the first to the third embodiments can be modified, so that the copper concentration is in the range of about 0.1 to about 0.25. In still a fifth embodiment, the process of the first to the third embodiments can be modified, so that the copper concentration is in a range of about 0.15 to about 0.225.
    [15] A sixth modality refers to molecular sieves containing copper, with the CHA structure, obtainable or obtained through the process of any one of the first to the fifth modalities. A seventh modality refers to a modification of the sixth modality, in which the molecular sieve has a weight ratio of the copper exchanged to copper oxide, at least about 1. An eighth modality refers to a modification of the sixth or seventh modalities, in which molecular sieves containing copper show at least two signals in a spectrum of TPR H2, where the maximum of signal I is in a range of about 25 to about 400 ° C and the maximum of signal II is in a range of about 475 ° C to about 800 ° C. A ninth modality refers to a modification of the sixth to eighth modalities, in which the molecular sieves containing copper have a wavelength of half-height-half-width of UV-VIS in a range of about 15 to about 35 nm. A tenth modality refers to a modification from the sixth to the ninth modalities, in the
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 15/44 / 32 which:
    [16] CHA molecular sieves containing copper show at least one peak in a diffuse reflectance FT-IR spectroscopy (DRIFT) method at about 1948 cm -1 .
    [17] An eleventh modality refers to a catalyst containing molecular sieves containing copper with the CHA structure of any of the six to ten modalities.
    [18] A twelfth modality refers to the use of a catalyst containing molecular sieves containing copper from the eleventh modality CHA structure, as a catalyst for the selective reduction (SCR) of NO X nitrogen oxides; for the oxidation of NH3; for the decomposition of N2O; for soot oxidation; for emission control in Advanced Emission Systems; as an additive in the catalytic flow cracking process (FCC); as a catalyst in organic conversion reactions; or as a catalyst in “stationary source” processes.
    [19] A thirteenth modality relates to a flue gas treatment system, which comprises a flue gas stream containing ammonia and a catalyst containing molecular sieves with the CHA structure of the eleventh modality, a soot filter. catalyst and a diesel oxidation catalyst.
    [20] A fourteenth modality concerns the method for the selective reduction of NOx nitrogen oxides, in which a gas stream containing NOx nitrogen oxides is placed in contact with molecular sieves with the CHA structure, according to any one from the sixth to the eleventh modalities.
    Detailed Description [21] Surprisingly, the fluctuations observed in NOx conversion activity can be minimized through the use of a
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 16/44 / 32 liquid copper solution, in which the copper concentration is in a range of about 0.001 to about 0.25 molar in the copper exchange stage. In addition to the non-appearance of fluctuation in NOx conversion activity, a general increase in NOx conversion was observed through the use of the desired concentration in the copper exchange stage.
    [22] As used herein in this report and in the appended claims, the singular forms "one" and "o" include plural references, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Thus, for example, the reference to "a catalyst" includes a mixture of two or more catalysts, and the like.
    [23] As used herein in this report and in the appended claims, the term "Chabazite Na + form" refers to the calcined form of this zeolite, without any ion exchange. In this form, zeolite generally contains a mixture of Na + and H + cations at the exchange sites. The fraction of sites occupied by Na + cations varies, depending on the specific zeolite batch and formulation.
    [24] A molecular sieve can be zeolytic-zeolite-or non-zeolitic, and zeolitic and non-zeolitic molecular sieves can have the chabazite crystal structure, which is also referred to as the CHA structure by the International Zeolite Association. The zeolitic chabazite includes a naturally occurring tectosilicate mineral from a zeolite group with the approximate formula: (Ca2, Na2, K2, Mg) AhSuOn. 6H2O (eg aluminum silicate and hydrated calcium). Three synthetic forms of zeolitic chabazite are described in “Zeolite Molecular Sieves” by D. W. Breck, published in 1973 by John Wiley & Sons, which is incorporated by reference. The three synthetic forms reported by Breck are Zeolites K-G, described in J. Chem. Soc., P. 2822 (1956), Barrer et al .; Zeolite D, described in British Patent No. 868,846 (1961); and Zeolite R, described in U.S. Patent No. 3,030. 181, which are incorporated by reference. THE
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 17/44 / 32 synthesis of another synthetic form of zeolitic chabazite, SSZ-13, is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,544,538, which is hereby incorporated by reference. The synthesis of a synthetic form of a non-zeolitic molecular sieve, having the crystal structure of chabazite, silicoaluminophosphate 34 (SAPO-34) is described in US Patent 4,440,871 and No. 7,264,789, which are incorporated herein, referentially. A method for producing another synthetic non-zeolytic molecular sieve having the chabazite structure, SAPO-44, is described in U. S. Patent No. 6,162,415, which is incorporated by reference.
    TEA:
    [25] In specific embodiments, molecular sieves containing copper with the CHA structure include all compositions of aluminosilicate, borosilicate, galossilicate, MeAPSO, and MeAPO. These include, but are not limited to, SSZ-13, SSZ-62, natural chabazite, KG zeolite, Linde D, Linde R, LZ-218, LZ-235, LZ-236KZ-14, SAPO-34, SAPO-44 , SAPO-47, ZYT-6, CuSAPO-34, CuSAPO-44, and CuSAPO-47. Even more preferably, the material may have an aluminosilicate composition, such as SSZ-13 and SSZ-62.
    Preparation of Na + / K + zeolites:
    [26] Synthesis of alkali metal zeolites (for example, Na + or K + ) having the CHA structure can be performed according to the various techniques known in the art. For example, in a typical SSZ-13 synthesis, a silica source, an alumina source, and an organic targeting agent are mixed under aqueous alkaline conditions. Typical silica sources include the various types of fumigated silica, precipitated silica, and colloidal silica, as well as silicon alkoxides. Typical alumina sources include bohemites, pseudo-bohemites, aluminum hydroxides, aluminum salts, such as aluminum sulfate or sodium aluminate, and aluminum alkoxides. Sodium hydroxide is added in a way
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 18/44 / 32 typical, to the reaction mixture. A typical targeting agent for this synthesis is trimethyl ammonium adamantyl hydroxide, although other amines / and / or quaternary ammonium salts can be substituted or added to the last targeting agent. The reaction mixture is heated in a vessel under pressure, with stirring, in order to provide the crystalline SSZ-13 product. Typical reaction temperatures are in the range of 100 to 200 ° C, and in specific modes between 135 and 170 ° C. Typical reaction time periods are between 1 hour and 30 days, and in specific modes between 10 hours and 3 days.
    [27] At the conclusion of the reaction, the pH is optionally adjusted to between 6 and 10, and in specific modalities to between 7 and 7.5, and the product is filtered and washed with water. Any acid can be used for pH adjustment, and in specific modalities nitric acid is used. Alternatively, the product can be centrifuged. Organic additives can be used in order to assist in handling and isolating the solid product. Spray drying is an additional stage in product processing. The solid product is heat treated in air or nitrogen. Alternatively, each gas treatment can be applied in several sequences, or mixtures of gases can be applied. Typical calcination temperatures are in the range of 400 ° C to 850 ° C.
    Optionally switching from NH4 to the NH4-Chabazite form:
    [28] Optionally, the alkali metal zeolite is NH4 switched to the NH4-Chabazite form. The NH4 ion exchange can be performed according to the various techniques known in the art, for example, Bleken, F .; Bjorgen, M .; Palumbo, L .; Bordiga, S .; Svelle, S .; Lillerud, K-P; and Olsbye, U. Topics in Catalysis 52, (2009), 218-228.
    [29] Exchange of copper for an alkali metal or NH4-Chabazite for the metal-Chabazite form:
    [30] In specific modalities, copper is exchanged for a metal
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 19/44 / 32 alkaline or NH4-Chabazite, in order to form Cu-Chabazite, as described below.
    Concentration:
    [31] The copper concentration of the liquid copper solution used in copper ion exchange is, in specific modalities, in a range of about 0.01 to about 0.25 molar, more specifically in a range from about 0.05 to about 0.25 molar, and even more specifically in a range from about 0.1 to about 0.25 molar, and even more specifically in a range of about 0.125 to about 0.25 molar, and even more specifically in a range of about 0.15 to about 0.225 molar and even more specifically in a range of about 0.2.
    Solid-liquid ratio:
    [32] The solid-liquid ratio, which is defined here as the weight of water and copper salt used to prepare the Cu solution in relation to the dry weight of the starting zeolite used in the copper exchange stage, is, in specific modalities, in a range of about 0.1 to about 800, more specifically in a range of about 2 to about 80, even more specifically in a range of about 2 to about 15, even more specifically in a range of about 2 to about 10, and even more specifically in a range of about 4 to about 8.
    Combination: concentration-ratio solid: liquid:
    [33] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of the copper solution used in the copper ion exchange stage is in the range of from 0.1 to about 0.25, and the solid ratio for liquid, which is defined here as the weight of water and copper salt used to prepare the Cu solution in relation to the weight of the starting zeolite, is in a range of about 2 to about 10. In more specific modalities , the concentration of the copper solution, used in copper ion exchange, is in a range from 0.15 to about 0.225, and the
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 20/44 / 32 solid to liquid is in a range of about 4 to about 8.
    Reaction temperature:
    [34] The reaction temperature of the copper exchange stage is, in specific modalities, in a range of about 15 to about 100 ° C, and even more specifically in a range of about 20 to about 60 ° C. In specific embodiments, where an ammonia solution of copper ions is used as a copper source, the reaction temperature is in the range of about 20 to about 35 ° C, and even more specifically in a range of about 20 to about 25 ° C.
    Order of addition of reagents:
    [35] The zeolite reagents, copper source and water can be added in any order. In specific modalities, the zeolite is added to a previously prepared solution of salt or copper complex, which can be at room temperature or previously heated to the ion exchange temperature. In even more specific embodiments, the previously prepared solution of salt or copper complex is heated to a temperature of about 20 to about 90 ° C, even more specifically from about 40 to about 75 ° C, and even more specifically from about 55 to about 65 ° C, before adding the zeolite.
    Reaction time:
    [36] The reaction time period of the ion exchange stage according to some modalities is in the range of about 1 minute to about 24 hours. In even more specific modalities, the ion exchange reaction time span is in the range of about 30 minutes to about 8 hours, and even more specifically in the range of about 1 minute to about 10 hours, and an even more specific mode of about 10 minutes to about 5 hours, and even more specifically over a range of about 10 minutes to about 3 hours, and even more specifically about 30 minutes to about 1 hour.
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 21/44 / 32
    Reaction Conditions:
    [37] The aqueous solution in specific embodiments is suitably stirred. In general, the agitation speed is decreased as the reactor size increases.
    pH: use of acid additives [38] In specific modalities, the pH of the ion exchange stage is in a range of about 1 to about 6, more specifically in a range of about 2 to about 6, and of a even more specifically in a range of about 3 to about 5.5. In one or more modalities, where an ammoniacal solution of copper ions is used as the copper source, the pH of the ion exchange stage is in a range of about 5 to about 14, and in even more specific modalities in a range of about 6 to about 12, and even more specifically in a range of about 8 to about
    11.
    [39] Depending on the starting materials used, it may be necessary to adjust the pH of the aqueous solution, so that the pH has the values described above. In specific embodiments, the pH is adjusted to the values described above, using acetic acid or ammonia, which can be added as an aqueous solution.
    Copper species:
    [40] In specific embodiments, copper acetate or ammoniacal solutions of copper ions are used, for example, amine and copper carbonate.
    Ammonia solutions of copper ions:
    [41] Panias et al. (Oryktos Ploutos (2000), 116, 47-56) report the speciation of divalent copper ions in ammoniacal solutions. The divalent copper amino complexes Cu (NH3) n 2+ are, in practice, the predominant forms, in which copper is found in acidic or strongly alkaline ammoniacal solutions. The Cu (NH3) 4 2+ ion is the most important ion in the system
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 22/44 / 32
    Cu 2+ -NH3-H 2 O. It presents a region of broad stability, which varies from weakly acidic solutions, with a pH of 5, to a strongly alkaline solution, with a pH of 14. The divalent copper hydroxyl complexes are satisfied with the Cu 2+ -NH3-H2O system only in very strongly alkaline solutions with a pH greater than 12 and in diluted ammonia solutions, with a total ammonia concentration below 0.1 M. In ammonia solutions, copper it is found in the form of free Cu 2+ ions only in highly acidic aqueous solutions.
    Cu: Al [42] Using copper acetate, the molar ratio of Cu to Al in the copper suspension for the copper exchange stage in specific modalities is in the range of about 0.25 to about 2, and of more specifically in a range of about 0.5 to 1, and even more specifically in a range of from about 0.5 to 1.5, and even more specifically in a range of about 0.5 to about 1.2. Using ammonia solutions of copper ions, the Cu to Al ratio in specific modalities is in the range of about 0.001 to about 1, even more specifically in the range of about 0.25 to about 0, 8, and even more specifically in a range of about 0.25 to about 0.6, and even more specifically in a range of about 0.25 to about 0.5. In specific embodiments, the suspension consists of a zeolite dispersed in a copper solution.
    Repeating the ion exchange:
    [43] The copper exchange stage can be repeated for 0 to 10 times, and in specific modalities for 0 to 2 times. In one or more embodiments, the copper exchange stage is conducted only once, and is not repeated.
    After treatment:
    [44] According to one or more modalities, after the training
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 23/44 / 32 copper exchange, the exchange suspension containing the molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure is suitably separated from the mother liquor. Prior to separation, the temperature of the mother liquor can suitably be lowered to a desired value using an adequate cooling rate.
    [45] This separation can be carried out by all suitable methods, known to those skilled in the art, for example, through decantation, filtration, ultrafiltration, diafiltration or centrifugation methods or, for example, spray drying and spray granulation.
    [46] The molecular sieve with the CHA structure can be washed at least once with a suitable washing agent. It is possible to use identical or different washing agents, or mixtures of washing agents, in the case of at least two of the washing stages.
    [47] The washing agents used can be, for example, water, alcohols, such as, for example, methanol, ethanol or propanol, or mixtures of two or more of the same. For example, mixtures of two or more alcohols, such as, for example, methanol and ethanol or methanol and propanol or ethanol and propanol or methanol and ethanol and propanol, or mixtures of water and at least one alcohol, such that, for example , water and methanol or water and ethanol or water and propanol or water and methanol and ethanol or water and methanol and propanol or water and ethanol and propanol or water and methanol and ethanol and propanol, can be mentioned as mixtures.
    [48] The wash water temperature of the wash stage in specific modes is in a range of about 10 to about 100 ° C, even more specifically in a range of about 15 to about 60 ° C , and even more specifically in a range of about 20 to about 35 ° C, and even more specifically in a range of about 20 to about 25 ° C.
    [49] After separation and optionally washing, the sieve
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 24/44 / 32 molecular containing copper with the CHA structure can be dried. Drying temperatures and drying times can be carried out using known techniques. The drying temperature in specific modes is in a range from room temperature to about 200 ° C and the duration of drying, in specific modes, is in a range from about 0.1 to about 48 hours .
    [50] After separation, optionally washing and drying, the molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure can be calcined in at least one additional stage.
    [51] The calcination of the molecular sieve with the CHA structure in specific modalities is carried out at a temperature in the range of about 0 ° C to about 750 ° C. According to one or more alternative modalities, if the calcination is carried out under static conditions, such as, for example, in a muffle furnace, temperatures of up to about 500 to about 750 ° C can be used. According to yet another alternative modality, if the calcination is carried out under dynamic conditions, such as, for example, in a rotary calciner, temperatures of up to about 500 to about 750 ° C can be used.
    [52] The calcination can also be carried out, gradually, at successive temperatures. The term "gradually at successive temperatures", as used in the context of modalities of the invention, designates a calcination, in which the zeolite to be calcined is heated to a certain temperature, maintained at this temperature for a certain period of time and heated from of this temperature to at least one additional temperature and kept there, in shifts, for a certain period of time. As an example, a gradual calcination is described in the international patent application having the application number PCT / EP2009 / 056036, PCT / EP 2009/056036 incorporated as reference.
    [53] Calcination can be carried out in any atmosphere
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 25/44 / 32 adequate, such that, for example, in air, air depleted of oxygen, oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor, synthetic air, carbon dioxide. The calcination is, in specific modalities, carried out under air. It can also be conceived that the calcination is carried out in a double mode, that is, in a mode comprising a first calcination in an oxygen-reduced or oxygen-free atmosphere, said mode comprising a second calcination in an atmosphere of pure or enriched oxygen in oxygen.
    [54] According to a specific modality, a first stage of calcination is performed in an atmosphere comprising about 5 to about 15% air and about 80 to about 95% nitrogen, while the second stage calcination is carried out in an atmosphere comprising about 100% air.
    [55] The modalities of the invention also refer to molecular sieves containing copper with the CHA structure, obtainable or obtained through the process described above.
    Cu 2+ versus CuO:
    [56] In specific modalities, the molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure shows a weight ratio of copper exchanged to copper oxide of at least about 1, measured after calcination of the zeolite at 450 ° C, in air , for 1 hour. In specific embodiments, the ratio of copper switched to copper oxide is at least about 1.5. Even more specifically, the ratio of copper switched to copper oxide is at least about 2.
    [57] In specific modalities, the exchanged copper is located in the active sites called sites C and H. Thus, the molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure in specific modalities shows a peak at about 1948 cm -1 (site C ) and optionally at about 1929 cm -1 (H site), measured by reflectance T-IR spectroscopy methods
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 26/44 / 32 diffuse (DRIFT).
    [58] The use of the FTIR technique has been demonstrated in the literature, for example, in Giamello et al., J.Catal. 136, 510-520 (1992).
    TPR H2 spectra:
    [59] In specific modalities, the molecular sieve containing calcined copper with the CHA structure presents at least two signals in a spectrum of TPR H2, while the maximum of signal I is in a range of 25 to 400 ° C and the maximum of signal II is in a range of about 475 ° C to about 800 ° C, measured after calcination of the zeolite at 500 ° C, in air, for 30 minutes.
    [60] Signal I can be correlated to two reactions i) Cu 2+ + * / 2 H2 = Cu + + H + and ii) CuO + H2 = Cu + H2O and signal II can be correlated to a reaction iii) Cu + + * / 2 H2 = Cu + H + , while the maximum of signal II is in a range of about 475 ° C to about 800 ° C.
    [61] In specific modalities, the maximum of signal II is in a range of about 480 ° C to about 800 ° C, even more specifically in a range of about 490 ° C to about 800 ° C, and of even more specifically in a range of about 550 ° C to about 800 ° C.
    [62] The use of this technique for the evaluation of metal-containing zeolites has been demonstrated in the literature. For example, Yan and co-collaborators refer to the properties of Cu-ZSM-5 in the Journal of Catalysis, 161, 43-54 (1996).
    UV-VIS:
    [63] In specific embodiments, the molecular sieve containing calcined copper with the CHA structure has a UV-VIS half-height-half-width wavelength in a range of about 5 to about 35 nm, more specifically in a range of about 10 to 30 nm, and even more specifically in a range of about 15 to about 25 nm ,. measured after calcination of the zeolite at 450 ° C, in air, for 1 hour.
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 27/44 / 32 [64] The use of the UV-VIS technique has been demonstrated in the literature, for example in J. Catal. 220, 500-512 (2003).
    Copper weight%:
    [65] The Cu content of the molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure, calculated as CuO, in a specific embodiment, is at least about 1.5% by weight, even more specifically at least about 2 % by weight, and in even more specific modalities of at least about 2.5% by weight, reported on a volatile free base. In even more specific modalities, the Cu content of the molecular sieve of the CHA structure, calculated as CuO, is in a range of up to about 5% by weight, more specifically up to about 4% by weight, and of an even more specific mode of up to about 3.5% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the molecular sieve calcined with the CHA structure, reported on a volatile free base. Thus, in specific modalities, the Cu content ranges of the molecular sieve with the CHA structure, calculated as CuO, are from about 2 to about 5% by weight, more specifically from about 2 to about 4 % by weight, and even more specifically from about 2.5 to about 3.5%, by weight, and even more specifically from about 2.75 to about 3.25%, in weight, in each case reported on a volatile free base. All weight% values are reported on a volatile free base.
    Free copper:
    [66] In addition to copper, which is exchanged in order to increase the level of copper associated with the sites exchanged in the zeolite structure, unchanged copper, in the form of salt, may be present in the molecular sieve with the structure CHA, the so-called free copper. However, in specific modalities, there is no free copper present in molecular sieves with the CHA structure.
    Silica / Alumina:
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 28/44 / 32 [67] In specific embodiments, the molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure has a molar ratio of silica to alumina of more than about 15, even more specifically of more than about 20. In Specific embodiments, the copper-containing Chabazite has a molar ratio of silica to alumina in a range of about 20 to about 256, and even more specifically in a range of about 25 to about 40.
    Cu / Al:
    [68] In specific embodiments, the atomic ratio of copper to aluminum exceeds 0.25. In even more specific embodiments, the copper to aluminum ratio is from about 0.25 to about 1, and even more specifically from about 0.25 to about 0.5. In even more specific embodiments, the copper to aluminum ratio is about 0.3 to about 0.4.
    SCR activity:
    [69] In specific embodiments, the molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure exhibits a conversion of NO X cured at 200 ° C of at least 50%, measured at an hourly space speed of 80000 h -1 . In specific embodiments, the molecular sieve containing copper with a CHA structure exhibits a cured NOx conversion at 450 ° C of at least 70%, measured at a special hourly speed of 80,000 h -1 . Even more specifically, the conversion of cured NO X , at 200 ° C, is at least 55% and, at 450 ° C, at least 75%, and even more specifically the conversion of cured NOx , at 200 ° C, is at least 60% and, at 450 ° C, at least 80%, measured at an hourly, gaseous, volume-based space velocity of 80000 h -1 under steady state conditions, in maximum NH3 suspension conditions, in a gas mixture of 500 ppm NO, 500 ppm NH3, 10% O, 5% H2O, and the N2 balance. The cores were cured hydrothermally in a tube oven, in a flow
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 29/44 / 32 gaseous containing 10% H2O, 10% O2, N2 equilibrium, at an hourly spatial speed of 4,000 h -1 , for 6 hours, at 850 ° C.
    [70] The measurement of SCR activity has been demonstrated in the literature, for example, in WO 2008/106519.
    Sodium content:
    [71] In specific embodiments, the copper-containing molecular sieve with the CHA structure has a sodium content (reported as Na2O in a volatile free base) of less than 2% by weight based on the total weight of the molecular sieve calcined with the CHA structure. In more specific embodiments, the sodium content is below 1% by weight, and even more specifically below 2000 ppm, even more specifically below 1000 ppm, and even more specifically below 500 ppm and in a way more specific below 100 ppm.
    Na: Al:
    [72] In specific embodiments, the molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure has an atomic sodium to aluminum ratio of less than 0.7. In even more specific embodiments, the sodium to aluminum atomic ratio is less than 0.35, even more specifically less than 0.0078, and even more specifically 0.03 and more specifically less than 0.02.
    Na: Cu:
    [73] In specific embodiments, the molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure has an atomic copper-to-sodium ratio of more than 0.5. In more specific embodiments, the copper-to-atomic sodium ratio is more than 1, even more specifically more than 10, and even more specific than more than 50.
    Additional metal:
    [74] The molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure may contain one or more transition metals. In specific modalities, the
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 30/44 / 32 molecular sieve with CHA structure may contain transition metals capable of oxidizing NO to NO2 and / or storing NH3. The transition metal is, in specific modalities, selected from the group, which consists of Fe, Co, Ni. Zn, Y, Ce, Zr and V. In general, all sources suitable for Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Y, Ce, Zr and V can be used. For example, nitrate, oxalate, sulfate, acetate, carbonate, hydroxide, acetyl acetonate, oxide, hydrate, and / or salts, such as chloride, bromide and iodide, can be mentioned.
    [75] In addition, the molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure may contain one or more lanthanides. In a specific embodiment, a source of lanthanide is, among others, lanthanum nitrate.
    [76] In addition, the molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure may contain one or more precious metals (for example, Pd, Pt).
    BET:
    [77] In specific embodiments, the molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure exhibits a BET surface area, determined in accordance with DIN 66131, of at least about 400 m 2 / g, more specifically of at least about 550 m2 / g, and even more specifically about 650 m2 / g. In specific embodiments, the molecular sieve with the CHA structure exhibits a BET surface area in a range of about 400 to about 750 m2 / g, more specifically from about 500 to about 750 m2 / g, and even more specifically around 600 for the average length of crystallites.
    [78] In specific modalities, the molecular sieve crystallites containing copper calcined with the CHA structure have an average length in a range from 10 nanometers to 100 micrometers, specifically in a range from 50 nanometers
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 31/44 / 32 nanometers to 5 micrometers, and even more specifically in a range of 50 nanometers to 500 nanometers, as determined by SEM.
    TOC:
    [79] In specific embodiments, the molecular sieve containing calcined copper with the CHA structure has a TOC (total organic carbon) content of 0.1% by weight, or less, based on the total weight of the molecular sieve with the CHA structure.
    Thermal stability:
    [80] In specific embodiments, the molecular sieve containing calcined copper with the CHA structure has thermal stability, determined by differential thermal analysis or differential scanning calorimetry in a range of about 900 to about 1400 ° C, and a specific mode in a range of about 1100 to about 1400 ° C, and more specifically in a range of about 1150 to about 1400 ° C. For example, the measurement of thermal stability is described in PCT / EP 2009/056036, on page 38.
    Form:
    [81] The molecular sieve with the CHA structure according to the modalities of the invention can be provided in the form of a powder or a pulverized material, obtained from the separation techniques described above, for example, decantation, filtration, centrifugation, or spraying.
    [82] In general, the powdered or pulverized material can be formed without any other compounds, for example through suitable compaction, so that molds of a desired geometry are obtained, for example, tablets, cylinders, spheres , or the like.
    [83] As an example, powdered or pulverized material is mixed with or coated by means of suitable modifiers, as well as
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 32/44 / 32 known in the art. For example, modifiers such as silica, alumina, zeolites or refractory binders (for example, a zirconium precursor) can be used. The powder or pulverized material, optionally after mixing or coating by means of suitable modifiers, can be formed into a suspension, for example with water, which is deposited on a refractory vehicle (for example, WO 2008/106519 ).
    [84] The molecular sieve with the CHA structure of the modalities of the invention can also be provided in the form of extrudates, pellets, tablets or particles of any suitable form, for use as a compacted bed of a particulate catalyst, or as parts molded, such as plates, saddles, tubes or the like.
    Catalyst:
    [85] Thus, the modalities of the invention relate to a catalyst containing a molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure, obtainable or obtained by means of the process described above, arranged on a substrate.
    [86] The substrate can be any of those materials typically used for the preparation of catalysts and will normally comprise a ceramic or metallic honeycomb structure. Any suitable substrate can be used, such as a monolithic substrate, of the type that has parallel, thin gas flow passages, extending through it, from an entrance face or an exit face of the substrate, from a such that the passages are open to the flow of fluid through them (hereinafter referred to as alveolar throughflow substrates). The substrate can also be a wall flow filter substrate, in which the channels are alternately blocked, allowing a gas stream to be introduced into the channels from one direction (inlet direction) to flow through the channel walls. and to leave from
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 33/44 / 32 of the channels from another direction (exit direction). In addition, suitable vehicles / substrates, as well as suitable coating processes, are described in the international patent application having application number PCT / EP2009 / 056035 and WO 2008/106519, PCT / EP 2009/056036 and WO 2008 / 106519, which are incorporated by reference.
    SCR / Discharge gas treatment system:
    [87] In general, molecular sieves containing copper with the CHA structure described above can be used as a molecular sieve, adsorbent, catalyst, catalyst support or as a binder thereof. In particularly specific embodiments, the material is used as a catalyst.
    [88] In addition, the modalities of the invention relate to a method of catalyzing a chemical reaction, in which molecular sieves containing copper with the CHA structure according to the modalities of the invention are employed as a catalytically active material.
    [89] Among others, said catalyst can be used as a catalyst for the selective reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides (NOx); for the oxidation of NH3, in particular for the oxidation of an NH3 suspension in a diesel system; for the decomposition of N2O; for soot oxidation; for emission control in Advanced Emission Systems, such as in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCl) engines; as an additive in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes; as a catalyst in organic conversion reactions; or as a catalyst in “stationary source” processes. For applications in oxidation reactions, in specific embodiments, an additional precious metal component is added to the copper chabazite (eg, Pd, Pt).
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 34/44 / 32 [90] Thus, the modalities of the invention also refer to a method to selectively reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) by contacting a current containing NO X with a catalyst containing the sieves molecular containing copper with the CHA structure according to the modalities of the invention, under suitable reduction conditions; to an NH3 oxidation method, in particular to oxidize NH3 suspension in diesel systems, by contacting a chain containing NH3 with a catalyst containing molecular sieves containing copper with the CHA structure according to the modalities of the invention, under suitable oxidation conditions; a method of decomposing N2O by contacting a current containing N2O with a catalyst containing the molecular sieves containing copper with the CHA structure according to the modalities of the invention, under suitable composition conditions; to a method to control emissions in Advanced Emission Systems, such as in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCl) engines, through contact with an emission current with a catalyst with molecular sieves containing copper with the CHA structure according to the modalities of the invention, under suitable conditions; a FCC fluid catalytic cracking process, in which molecular sieves containing copper with the CHA structure according to the modalities of the invention are employed as an additive; to a method for converting an organic compound by contacting said compound with a catalyst containing the molecular sieves containing copper with the CHA structure according to the modalities of the invention, under suitable conversion conditions; to a "stationary source" process, in which a catalyst containing the molecular sieves containing copper with the CHA structure is employed according to the modalities of the invention.
    [91] In particular, the selective reduction of oxides of
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 35/44 / 32 nitrogen, in which molecular sieves with the CHA structure according to the modalities of the invention are used as a catalytically active material, is carried out in the presence of ammonia or urea. Although ammonia is the reducing agent of choice for stationary power plants, urea is the reducing agent of choice for mobile SCR systems. Typically, the SCR system is integrated into the exhaust gas treatment system of a vehicle and, moreover, in a typical way, it contains the following main components: SCR catalyst containing the molecular sieves with the structure CHA according to the modalities of the invention; a urea storage tank; a urea bomb; a urea dosing system; an injector / urea nozzle; and a respective control unit.
    NOx reduction method:
    [92] Thus, the modalities of the invention also refer to a method for the selective reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx), in which a gas stream containing nitrogen oxides (NOx), for example, a discharge gas formed in an industrial process or operation, and in specific modalities also containing ammonia and / or urea, it is contacted with the molecular sieves with the CHA structure according to the modalities of the invention.
    [93] The term nitrogen oxides, NOx, as used in the context of the modalities of the invention, means nitrogen oxides, in particular dinitrogen oxide (N2O), nitrogen monoxide (NO), dinitrogen trioxide ( N2O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4), dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5), nitrogen peroxide (NO3).
    [94] Nitrogen oxides, which are reduced using a catalyst containing the molecular sieves with the CHA structure according to the modalities of the invention or the molecular sieves with the
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 36/44 / 32 CHA structures, obtainable or obtained according to the modalities of the invention, can be obtained through any process, for example, as a stream of tailings water. Among others, the waste gas streams, as obtained in the processes for the production of adipic acid, nitric acid, hydroxylamine derivatives, caprolactam, glyoxal, methyl glyoxal, glyoxylic acid or in processes for burning nitrogenous materials, can be mentioned .
    [95] In especially specific embodiments, a catalyst containing the molecular sieves with the CHA structure according to the modalities of the invention or the molecular sieves with the CHA structure, obtainable or obtained according to the modalities of the invention, is used for the removal of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, in particular diesel engines, which operate under combustion conditions with excess air than that required for stoichiometric combustion, that is, poor.
    [96] Thus, the modalities of the invention also refer to a method for the removal of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, in particular diesel engines, which operate under conditions of combustion with air in excess of that required for stoichiometric combustion, that is, in poor conditions, in which a catalyst containing the molecular sieves with the CHA structure according to the modalities of the invention or the molecular sieves with the CHA structure, obtainable or obtained according to the modalities of the invention, it is used as a catalytically active material.
    Discharge gas treatment system:
    [97] The modalities of the invention refer to an exhaust gas treatment system, which comprises an exhaust gas stream optionally containing a reducing agent such as ammonia, urea and / or hydrocarbon, and in specific modalities, ammonia and / or urea, and a
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 37/44 / 32 catalyst containing a molecular sieve containing copper with the CHA structure, obtainable or obtained through the process described above, arranged on a substrate, a soot filter and a diesel oxidation catalyst.
    [98] The soot filter, catalyzed or non-catalyzed, can be upstream or downstream of said catalyst. The diesel oxidation catalyst in specific embodiments is located upstream of said catalyst. In specific embodiments, said diesel oxidation catalyst and said soot catalyst filter are upstream of said catalyst.
    [99] In specific modalities, the discharge is carried from the diesel engine to a downstream position in the discharge system, and in more specific modalities, containing NOx, in which a reducing agent is added and the discharge current with the reducing agent added, being transported to said catalyst.
    [100] For example, a catalyzed soot filter, a diesel oxidation catalyst, and a reducing agent are described in WO 2008/106519, which is incorporated by reference.
    [101] The following examples should further illustrate the process and materials of modalities of the invention.
    Examples
    1. Comparative example
    2. Preparation of SSZ-13 exchanged with ammonium [102] The filter cake of SSZ-13 exchanged with ammonium was prepared as described in US 4,544,538.
    1. Copper exchange stage (copper concentration: 0.3 molar) [103] Copper acetate monohydrate (3.46 kg, 17.34 moles) was added to deionized water (43.1 kg) in a stirred tank at room temperature. The reactor was heated to 60 ° C in about 30 minutes,
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 38/44 / 32 followed by the addition of the SSZ-13 filter cake exchanged with ammonium (25.6 kg of asis, 10.9 kg of SSZ-13). The mixing was continued for 60 minutes, while maintaining a reaction temperature of 60 ° C. The mixing was continued for 60 minutes, while maintaining a reaction temperature of 60 ° C. The contents of the vessel were transferred to a plate and frame filter press for removal of the supernatant, washing and drying. The Cu-exchanged SSZ-13 was washed with deionized water until the conductivity of the filtrate was below 300 microsiemens, and then air-dried over the filter press. Table 1 lists the important synthesis parameters for ion exchange in the preparation of example # 1 and example # 5.
    1. Catalyst coating [104] For the preparation of coated monolithic test grades, the filter cake (45% water content, measured after calcination at 600 ° C, in air, for 1 hour) was produced in a suspension of 38-45% solid content by adding deionized water. The CuCHA suspension was then ground in a ceramic ball mill to a D90 particle size of less than 10 pm (e.g., 4 to 10 pm) measured with a Sympatec particle analyzer using the front laser dispersion. No acid or binder was added to the suspension in order to test the intrinsic activity of the catalyst. The ground suspension was coated on a ceramic monolith (NGK) 1 "(2.54 cm) in diameter and 2" (5.08 cm) in length, having 400 cpsi of cell density and a wall thickness of 6 mil ( 147, 24 microns). The target dry gain was 2.3 g / in 3 (g / 16, 4 cm 3 ), which corresponds to the active catalyst load in WO 2008/106519. Typically, two or three coatings were required for the target to be achieved, the solid content of the additional coatings was adjusted to satisfy the target dry gain increase. After each coating, the core was dried for 3 hours, at 90 ° C, in air. The last
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 39/44 / 32 drying stage was followed by calcination, for 1 hour, at 450 ° C, in air, in a muffle funnel.
    1. Curing and Catalytic Tests [105] The cores were hydrothermally cured in a tube oven in a gas stream containing 10% H2O, 10% O2, N2 balance, at a spatial speed based on the volume of 8,000 h - 1 for 6 hours at 850 ° C. This curing protocol was selected for the quality control test of Cu-CHA SCR catalysts.
    [106] DeNOx activity was measured under continuous state conditions under conditions of maximum NH3 suspension in a laboratory reactor, in a gas mixture of 500 ppm NO, 500 ppm NH3, 10% O2, 5% H2O, N2 equilibrium, at a spatial speed based on the volume of 80,000 h -1 , at 200 ° C, 250 ° C, 300 ° C and 450 ° C. Table 1 contains DeNOx activity after curing at 200, 250, 300 and 450 ° C.
    Table 1: Copper exchange conditions, chemical analysis and DeNOx activity of catalyst coated at 200 and 450 ° C after hydrothermal curing.
    1 2 3 4 5 SiO2: Al2Ü3 32 33 33 33 33 BET 644 633 617 617 628 molar 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 CuO 2.91 3.25 3.2 3.4 3.4 200 ° C 59 56 62 55 65 250 ° C 88 86 90 82 94 300 ° C 91 90 91 88 92 450 ° C 77 74 80 77 82
    2. Inventive example
    2. 1. Preparation of SSZ-13 exchanged with ammonium [107] The SSZ-13 filter cake exchanged with ammonium was prepared as described in 1.1.
    2. 2. Copper exchange stage (copper concentration: 0.2 molar) [108] Copper acetate monohydrate (2.28 kg, 11.43 moles) was added to deionized water (42, 7 kg ), in a stirred tank, at room temperature. The reactor was heated to 60 ° C in about 30 minutes,
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 40/44 / 32 followed by the addition of the SSZ-13 filter cake exchanged with ammonium (25.3 kg of asis, 10.8 kg of SSZ-13). The mixing was continued for 60 minutes, while maintaining a reaction temperature of 60 ° C. The contents of the vessel were transferred to a plate and frame filter press for removal of the supernatant, washing and drying. The copper-exchanged SSZ-13 was washed with deionized water, until the conductivity of the filtrate was below 300 microsiemens, and then air-dried over the filter press. Table 2 lists the important synthesis parameters for ion exchange in the preparation of example # 6 to example # 11.
    2. 3. Catalyst coating [109] The catalyst coating was carried out as described in 1.3.
    2. 4. Cure and Catalytic Tests [110] Cure and catalytic tests were performed as described in 1.4. Table 2 contains DeNOx activity after curing at 200, 250, 300 and 450 ° C.
    Table 2: Copper exchange conditions, chemical analysis and DeNOx activity of catalyst at 200 and 450 ° C, after hydrothermal curing.
    6 7 8 9 10 11 SiO2: Al2O3 32 33 33 33 32 33 BET 644 633 633 628 638 627 molar 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 CuO 2.62 2.81 2.94 2.7 3.24 2.71 200 ° C 63 63 66 68 64 63 250 ° C 90 90 92 93 90 90 300 ° C 92 94 95 93 94 93 450 ° C 82 83 82 80 80 81
    3. Comparative Examples # 1 to # 5 and Examples # 6 and # 11 [111] The fluctuation observed in NOx conversion activity using a solution of liquid copper endo a copper concentration of about 0.3 molar can be greatly decreased through the use of a liquid copper solution having a copper concentration of about 0.2 molar. In addition, NOx conversion activity can be
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 41/44 / 32 increased through the use of a liquid copper solution, having a copper concentration of about 0.2 molar. The maximum fluctuations by temperature are listed in Table 3. The NO X conversion activities, in an average by temperature, are listed in Table 4.
    Table 3: Fluctuation of NOx conversion activity
    molar 0.2 0.3 Δ 200 ° C 5 10 Δ 250 ° C 3 8 Δ 300 ° C 3 4 Δ450 ° C 3 8
    Table 4: NOx conversion activities in an average
    molar 0.2 0.3 φ 200 ° C 64.5 59.4 φ 250 ° C 90.83 90 φ 300 ° C 93.5 90.4 φ450 ° C 81.33 78
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 42/44
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    1. Process for the preparation of molecular sieves containing copper with the CHA structure, having a molar ratio of silica to alumina in the range of 25 to 40, characterized by the fact that the copper exchange stage is conducted through exchange in state wet and before the coating stage, and in the copper exchange stage, a liquid copper solution is used, where the initial copper concentration is in a range of 0.15 to 0.225 molar, using copper acetate as the source of copper, where the ratio of solid to liquid, which is defined here as the weight of water used to prepare the Cu solution, in relation to the weight of the starting zeolite used in the copper exchange stage is at a range 4 to 8, in which copper is exchanged to a Na + form or to a Chabazite NH4 form, in which the zeolite is added to a previously prepared solution of copper salt, which is previously heated to a temperature of ion exchange at 40 to 75 ° C prior to the addition of the zeolite, where the The reaction time of the ion exchange stage is in the range of 10 minutes to 3 hours, in which the aqueous solution is suitably stirred, in which the pH of the ion exchange stage is in the range of 3 to 5 , 5, in which the molar ratio of Cu to Al in the copper suspension for the copper exchange stage in specific modalities is in the range of 0.5 to 1.5, where the copper exchange stage is repeated from 0 2 times, and where, after the copper exchange stage, the molecular sieve with the CHA structure is washed at least once with a suitable washing agent.
    Petition 870180054706, of 06/25/2018, p. 43/44
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    法律状态:
    2018-03-27| B07A| Application suspended after technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]|
    2018-09-11| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2018-11-21| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 17/12/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    2019-08-13| B16C| Correction of notification of the grant [chapter 16.3 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 17/12/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. (CO) REFERENTE A RPI 2498 DE 21/11/2018, QUANTO AO ITEM (73) ENDERECO DO TITULAR. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US28770509P| true| 2009-12-18|2009-12-18|
    US61/287,705|2009-12-18|
    PCT/EP2010/070077|WO2011073390A2|2009-12-18|2010-12-17|Process for preparation of copper containing molecular sieves with the cha structure, catalysts, systems and methods|
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